Visas and work permits: Possible global negotiating initiatives

John Whalley, Eric Ng , 4 October 2008

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Prior to 1913, visas were not required for transit between most countries, and work permits were not required for employment of foreigners. Passports were largely used as proof of identity and/or citizenship once inside national borders in case help were needed, typically from an embassy or ambassador abroad.

Topics: Labour markets, Migration
Tags: labour mobility, visas, work permits

CEPR Policy Research