Prior to 1913, visas were not required for transit between most countries, and work permits were not required for employment of foreigners. Passports were largely used as proof of identity and/or citizenship once inside national borders in case help were needed, typically from an embassy or ambassador abroad.
Visas and work permits: Possible global negotiating initiatives
John Whalley, Eric Ng , 4 October 2008
Topics: Labour markets, Migration
Tags: labour mobility, visas, work permits
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